Piping Design Document Preparation

Roles of the Piping Design Department

• Prepare design calculations for the piping system of the project
• Write specifications for the required design conditions
• Perform and review stress analysis of the piping system
• Approve selected equipment and conduct technical evaluations

 

Piping Design Organization

 

Definition of Piping Design

Piping design refers to the overall design process of connecting equipment using appropriate piping components according to the procedures specified by the process. It plays a crucial role in maintaining optimal operational performance and efficient plant operation. Designers must understand the extensive relationships related to the plant, acquire relevant theories and practical skills, and accumulate experienced proficiency.

Piping connects equipment to transport reaction media, raw materials, semi-finished products, or finished products within a plant. It consists of straight pipes, curved pipes, fittings, valves for flow control, etc. In piping systems transporting high-temperature fluids, stress occurs due to thermal loads. Such piping is constrained by nozzles or fixed points, which can lead to excessive reaction forces and stress accumulation, potentially causing failures. Therefore, piping must be designed with sufficient flexibility to ensure that generated stresses remain within allowable or specified limits.

Additionally, designers must establish close cooperation with process, design, civil, electrical, and instrumentation departments to carry out tasks within an overall timeframe.

 

Definition of Piping Design

In high-temperature fluid piping systems, stress occurs due to thermal loads. Such piping is constrained by nozzles or fixed points, which can lead to excessive reaction forces and stress accumulation, potentially causing failures. Therefore, piping must be designed with sufficient flexibility to ensure that generated stresses remain within allowable or specified limits.

Additionally, designers must establish close cooperation with process, design, civil, electrical, and instrumentation departments to carry out tasks within an overall timeframe.

 

Piping Design Process

Piping design significantly impacts performance and operability, so designers need to understand the organic technical system and the fundamental stance of engineering. It involves a complex interaction of system engineering, process engineering, piping engineering, and construction engineering.

Steps of Piping Design

Input Stage

• Basic Design: Consider environment and economic factors
• Planning Design: Suitability, safety, reliability

Output Stage

• Detailed Design: 90-95% of input details
• Design Revision and Changes: 100% of output details

 

Detailed Design Inputs and Outputs

Basic Design

• Line Schedule
• Plot Plan

Planning

• Routing Study
• Equipment Nozzle Orientation
• Civil & Structure Information
• Piping Study Drawing (Planning Drawing)

Detail

• Key Plan
• Arrangement Drawing
• Underground Piping
• Piping Support
• Steam Tracing

Design & Drawing

• Input -> Design
• Output -> Drawing
• Design calculations and drawing areas are strictly separated.

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Approval of Design Documents

• For Approval: Request approval for completed design documents
• ANN (Approved As Noted): Conditional approval or approval with requested modifications
• AFD (Approved for Design): Approval for use in preliminary processes for design commencement
• AFC (Approved for Construction): Approval for commencement of construction based on design